Being located in the heart of Jackson Hole comes with plenty of advantages. In addition to access to shows, shops, and ski slopes, guests of the Rusty Parrot Lodge find themselves at the doorstep of some of the most remarkable natural landscapes in the American West. Among these, the National Elk Refuge and its sleigh rides stand out as one of the most unique wildlife experiences in the country.
This natural sanctuary is home to thousands of elk and offers a rare opportunity to observe these wild animals up close. For those seeking an immersive wildlife encounter unlike anything else, look no further than the refuge.
What is the National Elk Refuge?
The National Elk Refuge was established over 100 years ago to protect one of the largest elk herds in the world—over 50,000 animals at its peak. Like many migratory species, elk move south during the winter months, seeking sheltered plains where forage remains accessible beneath the snow. For countless generations before the settlement of the valley, this herd migrated down from Yellowstone to the lower elevations of Jackson Hole and surrounding winter range.
As Jackson’s land was developed by settlers, the herd’s migration routes were increasingly blocked by livestock fencing. Unable to reach their winter range, thousands of starving elk would crowd the town each year. Some settlers began to feed the animals from their own surplus ranch supplies. As the problem became more acute, ranchers and conservationists advocated for a protected winter range where elk could find sustenance and shelter.
In 1909, Wyoming allocated state funds to purchase hay to feed the struggling elk herd. Shortly after, in 1912, Congress used public and purchased land to create the elk refuge. While still unable to follow their migration routes of old, the elk herd is now sustained by a supplementary feeding program that ensures their survival during the harsh winters. Managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Elk Refuge remains dedicated to preserving crucial winter habitat for elk and other species who call the valley home.
Sleigh Rides with the Elk
One of the signature winter experiences at the National Elk Refuge is the horse-drawn sleigh ride, giving visitors a chance to explore the refuge and view wildlife up close. The ride is operated by a concessionaire authorized by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and led by a team of two draft horses.
The sleigh is typically a large, covered wagon-style vehicle fitted with bench seating and blankets. Guides share insights into elk behavior, identification tips, refuge history, and environmental context. They also help point out other wildlife and explain the broader ecosystem at work. As the sleigh moves across the refuge, you’ll see thousands of elk in their wintering grounds.
Depending on timing and conditions, you may also spot other species active in the valley. Gray wolves occasionally patrol the periphery, drawn by the presence of elk and other prey species, while coyotes and foxes can be seen hunting small mammals at dawn and dusk. Large herbivores such as bison and pronghorn can occasionally be found on some portions of the refuge, and bald eagles, golden eagles, and other raptors are often seen perched on fence posts or circling overhead.
What to Bring
Winter in Jackson Hole, while breathtaking, is often brutally cold. To ensure your sleigh ride is comfortable and memorable, bring the following:
- Warm Layers: Insulated, windproof outerwear; thermal base layers; wool or synthetic socks; and insulated boots
- Hat and Gloves: A warm hat that covers your ears and a good pair of gloves or mittens are essential. Consider bringing a second pair in case the first becomes damp.
- Hand Warmers: Disposable or rechargeable hand warmers can make a significant difference during prolonged exposure.
- Binoculars and Camera: A good pair of binoculars will enhance wildlife viewing, and a camera with a telephoto lens will help you capture elk and other animals.
Sleigh rides typically operate December through March, with schedules varying based on snowfall and weather conditions. Because these experiences are popular and seats are limited, reservations are strongly recommended. Check with your concierge at Rusty Parrot Lodge for the latest availability and booking assistance.
With its extraordinary wildlife, historic sleigh rides, and sweeping snowy landscapes, the National Elk Refuge is a gem of Jackson Hole. Whether you’re in town to hit the slopes or looking for a peaceful winter getaway, time spent in the refuge is a worthy addition to any trip.
Born and raised in Jackson Hole, Wilden McIntosh-Round brings a deep-rooted love for the area into his work as a writer. In his versatile career as a content creator and copywriter, he has worked with brands like Samsung and Rolling Stone, but the best part of his job is partnering with local businesses to share their unique stories.
